hist

Makie.hist Function

hist(values)

Plot a histogram of values.

Plot type

The plot type alias for the hist function is Hist.

source

Examples

using GLMakie
data = randn(1000)

f = Figure()
hist(f[1, 1], data, bins = 10)
hist(f[1, 2], data, bins = 20, color = :red, strokewidth = 1, strokecolor = :black)
hist(f[2, 1], data, bins = [-5, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5], color = :gray)
hist(f[2, 2], data, normalization = :pdf)
f

Histogram with labels

You can use all the same arguments as barplot:

using CairoMakie
data = randn(1000)

hist(data, normalization = :pdf, bar_labels = :values,
     label_formatter=x-> round(x, digits=2), label_size = 15,
     strokewidth = 0.5, strokecolor = (:black, 0.5), color = :values)

Moving histograms

With scale_to, and offset, one can put multiple histograms into the same plot. Note, that offset automatically sets fillto, to move the whole barplot. Also, one can use a negative scale_to amount to flip the histogram, or scale_to=:flip to flip the direction of the bars without changing their height.

using CairoMakie
fig = Figure()
ax = Axis(fig[1, 1])
for i in 1:5
     hist!(ax, randn(1000), scale_to=-0.6, offset=i, direction=:x)
end
fig

Using statistical weights

using CairoMakie
using Distributions


N = 100_000
x = rand(Uniform(-5, 5), N)

w = pdf.(Normal(), x)

fig = Figure()
hist(fig[1,1], x)
hist(fig[1,2], x, weights = w)

fig

Attributes

alpha

Defaults to 1.0

The alpha value of the colormap or color attribute. Multiple alphas like in plot(alpha=0.2, color=(:red, 0.5), will get multiplied.

bar_labels

Defaults to nothing

Labels added at the end of each bar.

bins

Defaults to 15

Sets the number of bins if set to an integer or the edges of bins if set to an sorted collection of real numbers.

clip_planes

Defaults to @inherit clip_planes automatic

Clip planes offer a way to do clipping in 3D space. You can set a Vector of up to 8 Plane3f planes here, behind which plots will be clipped (i.e. become invisible). By default clip planes are inherited from the parent plot or scene. You can remove parent clip_planes by passing Plane3f[].

color

Defaults to @inherit patchcolor

Sets the color of bars.

colormap

Defaults to @inherit colormap :viridis

Sets the colormap that is sampled for numeric colors. PlotUtils.cgrad(...), Makie.Reverse(any_colormap) can be used as well, or any symbol from ColorBrewer or PlotUtils. To see all available color gradients, you can call Makie.available_gradients().

colorrange

Defaults to automatic

The values representing the start and end points of colormap.

colorscale

Defaults to identity

The color transform function. Can be any function, but only works well together with Colorbar for identity, log, log2, log10, sqrt, logit, Makie.pseudolog10, Makie.Symlog10, Makie.AsinhScale, Makie.SinhScale, Makie.LogScale, Makie.LuptonAsinhScale, and Makie.PowerScale.

cycle

Defaults to [:color => :patchcolor]

Sets which attributes to cycle when creating multiple plots. The values to cycle through are defined by the parent Theme. Multiple cycled attributes can be set by passing a vector. Elements can

• directly refer to a cycled attribute, e.g. :color

• map a cycled attribute to a palette attribute, e.g. :linecolor => :color

• map multiple cycled attributes to a palette attribute, e.g. [:linecolor, :markercolor] => :color

depth_shift

Defaults to 0.0

Adjusts the depth value of a plot after all other transformations, i.e. in clip space, where -1 <= depth <= 1. This only applies to GLMakie and WGLMakie and can be used to adjust render order (like a tunable overdraw).

direction

Defaults to :y

Controls the direction of the bars. can be :y (height is vertical) or :x (height is horizontal).

fillto

Defaults to automatic

Controls the baseline of the bars. This is zero in the default automatic case unless the barplot is in a log-scaled Axis. With a log scale, the automatic default is half the minimum value because zero is an invalid value for a log scale.

flip_labels_at

Defaults to Inf

Sets a height value beyond which labels are drawn inside the bar instead of outside.

fxaa

Defaults to true

Adjusts whether the plot is rendered with fxaa (fast approximate anti-aliasing, GLMakie only). Note that some plots implement a better native anti-aliasing solution (scatter, text, lines). For them fxaa = true generally lowers quality. Plots that show smoothly interpolated data (e.g. image, surface) may also degrade in quality as fxaa = true can cause blurring.

gap

Defaults to 0

Sets the gap between bars relative to their width. The new width is w * (1 - gap).

highclip

Defaults to automatic

The color for any value above the colorrange.

inspectable

Defaults to @inherit inspectable

Sets whether this plot should be seen by DataInspector. The default depends on the theme of the parent scene.

inspector_clear

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (inspector, plot) -> ... for cleaning up custom indicators in DataInspector.

inspector_hover

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (inspector, plot, index) -> ... which replaces the default show_data methods.

inspector_label

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (plot, index, position) -> string which replaces the default label generated by DataInspector.

label_align

Defaults to automatic

Sets the text alignment of labels.

label_color

Defaults to @inherit textcolor

Sets the color of labels.

label_font

Defaults to @inherit font

The font of the bar labels.

label_formatter

Defaults to bar_label_formatter

Formatting function which is applied to bar labels before they are passed on text()

label_offset

Defaults to 5

The distance of the labels from the bar ends in screen units. Does not apply when label_position = :center.

label_position

Defaults to :end

The position of each bar's label relative to the bar. Possible values are :end or :center.

label_rotation

Defaults to 0π

Sets the text rotation of labels in radians.

label_size

Defaults to @inherit fontsize

The font size of the bar labels.

lowclip

Defaults to automatic

The color for any value below the colorrange.

model

Defaults to automatic

Sets a model matrix for the plot. This overrides adjustments made with translate!, rotate! and scale!.

nan_color

Defaults to :transparent

The color for NaN values.

normalization

Defaults to :none

Sets the normalization applied to the histogram. Possible values are:

• :pdf: Normalize by sum of weights and bin sizes. Resulting histogram has norm 1 and represents a probability density function.

• :density: Normalize by bin sizes only. Resulting histogram represents count density of input and does not have norm 1. Will not modify the histogram if it already represents a density (h.isdensity == 1).

• :probability: Normalize by sum of weights only. Resulting histogram represents the fraction of probability mass for each bin and does not have norm 1.

• :none: Do not normalize.

offset

Defaults to 0.0

Offsets all bars by the given real value. Can also be set per-bar.

over_background_color

Defaults to automatic

Sets the color of labels that are drawn outside of bars. Defaults to label_color

over_bar_color

Defaults to automatic

Sets the color of labels that are drawn inside of/over bars. Defaults to label_color

overdraw

Defaults to false

Controls if the plot will draw over other plots. This specifically means ignoring depth checks in GL backends

scale_to

Defaults to nothing

Scales the histogram by a common factor such that the largest bin reaches the given value. This can also be set to :flip to flip the direction of histogram bars without scaling them.

space

Defaults to :data

Sets the transformation space for box encompassing the plot. See Makie.spaces() for possible inputs.

ssao

Defaults to false

Adjusts whether the plot is rendered with ssao (screen space ambient occlusion). Note that this only makes sense in 3D plots and is only applicable with fxaa = true.

strokecolor

Defaults to @inherit patchstrokecolor

Sets the outline color of bars.

strokewidth

Defaults to @inherit patchstrokewidth

Sets the outline linewidth of bars.

transformation

Defaults to :automatic

Controls the inheritance or directly sets the transformations of a plot. Transformations include the transform function and model matrix as generated by translate!(...), scale!(...) and rotate!(...). They can be set directly by passing a Transformation() object or inherited from the parent plot or scene. Inheritance options include:

• :automatic: Inherit transformations if the parent and child space is compatible

• :inherit: Inherit transformations

• :inherit_model: Inherit only model transformations

• :inherit_transform_func: Inherit only the transform function

• :nothing: Inherit neither, fully disconnecting the child's transformations from the parent

Another option is to pass arguments to the transform!() function which then get applied to the plot. For example transformation = (:xz, 1.0) which rotates the xy plane to the xz plane and translates by 1.0. For this inheritance defaults to :automatic but can also be set through e.g. (:nothing, (:xz, 1.0)).

transparency

Defaults to false

Adjusts how the plot deals with transparency. In GLMakie transparency = true results in using Order Independent Transparency.

visible

Defaults to true

Controls whether the plot gets rendered or not.

weights

Defaults to automatic

Sets optional statistical weights.