Makie

Appearance

boxplot ​

Makie.boxplot Function
julia
boxplot(x, y; kwargs...)

Draw a Tukey style boxplot.The boxplot has 3 components:

  • a crossbar spanning the interquartile (IQR) range (values from the 25th to

the 75% percentile) with a midline marking the median

  • an errorbar including values from the interquartile range extended by range * iqr

  • points marking outliers, that is, data outside the errorbar

Arguments

  • x: positions of the categories

  • y: variables within the boxes

Plot type

The plot type alias for the boxplot function is BoxPlot.

source

Examples ​

julia
using CairoMakie
categories = rand(1:3, 1000)
values = randn(1000)

boxplot(categories, values)
julia
using CairoMakie
categories = rand(1:3, 1000)
values = randn(1000)
dodge = rand(1:2, 1000)

boxplot(categories, values, dodge = dodge, show_notch = true, color = dodge)

Colors are customizable. The color attribute refers to the color of the boxes, whereas outliercolor refers to the color of the outliers. If not scalars (e.g. :red), these attributes must have the length of the data. If outliercolor is not provided, outliers will have the same color as their box, as shown above.

Note

For all indices corresponding to points within the same box, color (but not outliercolor) must have the same value.

julia
using CairoMakie
categories = rand(1:3, 1000)
values = randn(1000)
dodge = rand(1:2, 1000)

boxplot(categories, values, dodge = dodge, show_notch = true, color = map(d->d==1 ? :blue : :red, dodge) , outliercolor = rand([:red, :green, :blue, :black, :yellow], 1000))

Using statistical weights ​

julia
using CairoMakie
using Distributions

N = 100_000
x = rand(1:3, N)
y = rand(Uniform(-1, 5), N)

w = pdf.(Normal(), x .- y)

fig = Figure()

boxplot(fig[1,1], x, y)
boxplot(fig[1,2], x, y, weights = w)

fig

Horizontal axis ​

julia
using CairoMakie
fig = Figure()

categories = rand(1:3, 1000)
values = randn(1000)

ax_vert = Axis(fig[1,1];
    xlabel = "categories",
    ylabel = "values",
    xticks = (1:3, ["one", "two", "three"])
)
ax_horiz = Axis(fig[1,2];
    xlabel="values", # note that x/y still correspond to horizontal/vertical axes respectively
    ylabel="categories",
    yticks=(1:3, ["one", "two", "three"])
)

# Note: same order of category/value, despite different axes
boxplot!(ax_vert, categories, values) # `orientation=:vertical` is default
boxplot!(ax_horiz, categories, values; orientation=:horizontal)

fig

Attributes ​

alpha ​

Defaults to 1.0

The alpha value of the colormap or color attribute. Multiple alphas like in plot(alpha=0.2, color=(:red, 0.5), will get multiplied.

clip_planes ​

Defaults to @inherit clip_planes automatic

Clip planes offer a way to do clipping in 3D space. You can set a Vector of up to 8 Plane3f planes here, behind which plots will be clipped (i.e. become invisible). By default clip planes are inherited from the parent plot or scene. You can remove parent clip_planes by passing Plane3f[].

color ​

Defaults to @inherit patchcolor

Sets the color of the drawn boxes. These can be values for colormapping.

colormap ​

Defaults to @inherit colormap :viridis

Sets the colormap that is sampled for numeric colors. PlotUtils.cgrad(...), Makie.Reverse(any_colormap) can be used as well, or any symbol from ColorBrewer or PlotUtils. To see all available color gradients, you can call Makie.available_gradients().

colorrange ​

Defaults to automatic

The values representing the start and end points of colormap.

colorscale ​

Defaults to identity

The color transform function. Can be any function, but only works well together with Colorbar for identity, log, log2, log10, sqrt, logit, Makie.pseudolog10, Makie.Symlog10, Makie.AsinhScale, Makie.SinhScale, Makie.LogScale, Makie.LuptonAsinhScale, and Makie.PowerScale.

cycle ​

Defaults to [:color => :patchcolor]

Sets which attributes to cycle when creating multiple plots. The values to cycle through are defined by the parent Theme. Multiple cycled attributes can be set by passing a vector. Elements can

  • directly refer to a cycled attribute, e.g. :color

  • map a cycled attribute to a palette attribute, e.g. :linecolor => :color

  • map multiple cycled attributes to a palette attribute, e.g. [:linecolor, :markercolor] => :color

depth_shift ​

Defaults to 0.0

Adjusts the depth value of a plot after all other transformations, i.e. in clip space, where -1 <= depth <= 1. This only applies to GLMakie and WGLMakie and can be used to adjust render order (like a tunable overdraw).

dodge ​

Defaults to automatic

Dodge can be used to separate crossbars drawn at the same x positions. For this each crossbar is given an integer value corresponding to its position relative to the given positions. E.g. with positions = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2] we have 3 crossbars at each position which can be separated by dodge = [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3].

dodge_gap ​

Defaults to 0.03

Sets the gap between dodged crossbars relative to the size of them.

fxaa ​

Defaults to true

Adjusts whether the plot is rendered with fxaa (fast approximate anti-aliasing, GLMakie only). Note that some plots implement a better native anti-aliasing solution (scatter, text, lines). For them fxaa = true generally lowers quality. Plots that show smoothly interpolated data (e.g. image, surface) may also degrade in quality as fxaa = true can cause blurring.

gap ​

Defaults to 0.2

Size of the gap between crossbars. The modified width is width * (1 - gap).

highclip ​

Defaults to automatic

The color for any value above the colorrange.

inspectable ​

Defaults to @inherit inspectable

Sets whether this plot should be seen by DataInspector. The default depends on the theme of the parent scene.

inspector_clear ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (inspector, plot) -> ... for cleaning up custom indicators in DataInspector.

inspector_hover ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (inspector, plot, index) -> ... which replaces the default show_data methods.

inspector_label ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets a callback function (plot, index, position) -> string which replaces the default label generated by DataInspector.

lowclip ​

Defaults to automatic

The color for any value below the colorrange.

marker ​

Defaults to @inherit marker

Sets the marker for outliers.

markersize ​

Defaults to @inherit markersize

Sets the markersize for outliers.

mediancolor ​

Defaults to @inherit linecolor

Sets the color of median line.

medianlinewidth ​

Defaults to @inherit linewidth

Sets the width of the median line.

model ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets a model matrix for the plot. This overrides adjustments made with translate!, rotate! and scale!.

n_dodge ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets the maximum integer for dodge. This sets how many crossbars can be placed at a given position, controlling their width.

nan_color ​

Defaults to :transparent

The color for NaN values.

notchwidth ​

Defaults to 0.5

Multiplier of width for narrowest width of notch at the midline/y.

orientation ​

Defaults to :vertical

Orientation of box (:vertical or :horizontal).

outliercolor ​

Defaults to automatic

Sets the color for outliers.

outlierstrokecolor ​

Defaults to @inherit markerstrokecolor

Sets the marker strokecolor for outliers.

outlierstrokewidth ​

Defaults to @inherit markerstrokewidth

Sets the marker strokewidth for outliers.

overdraw ​

Defaults to false

Controls if the plot will draw over other plots. This specifically means ignoring depth checks in GL backends

range ​

Defaults to 1.5

Sets how far the errorbar range expands beyond the interquartile range as a multiple of it. The final value range for errorbars is Q2 - range * (Q4 - Q2) to Q4 + range * (Q4 - Q2) where Q2 and Q4 include 25% and 75% of the values respectively. Setting to 0 extends whiskers to the range of the data.

show_median ​

Defaults to true

Shows the median as the midline of the crossbar.

show_notch ​

Defaults to false

Whether to draw the notch, which refers to a narrowed region around the midline/y.

show_outliers ​

Defaults to true

Show outliers as points. Any point outside the errorbars is consider one.

space ​

Defaults to :data

Sets the transformation space for box encompassing the plot. See Makie.spaces() for possible inputs.

ssao ​

Defaults to false

Adjusts whether the plot is rendered with ssao (screen space ambient occlusion). Note that this only makes sense in 3D plots and is only applicable with fxaa = true.

strokecolor ​

Defaults to @inherit patchstrokecolor

Sets the outline color of crossbars.

strokewidth ​

Defaults to @inherit patchstrokewidth

Sets the outline linewidth of crossbars.

transformation ​

Defaults to :automatic

Controls the inheritance or directly sets the transformations of a plot. Transformations include the transform function and model matrix as generated by translate!(...), scale!(...) and rotate!(...). They can be set directly by passing a Transformation() object or inherited from the parent plot or scene. Inheritance options include:

  • :automatic: Inherit transformations if the parent and child space is compatible

  • :inherit: Inherit transformations

  • :inherit_model: Inherit only model transformations

  • :inherit_transform_func: Inherit only the transform function

  • :nothing: Inherit neither, fully disconnecting the child's transformations from the parent

Another option is to pass arguments to the transform!() function which then get applied to the plot. For example transformation = (:xz, 1.0) which rotates the xy plane to the xz plane and translates by 1.0. For this inheritance defaults to :automatic but can also be set through e.g. (:nothing, (:xz, 1.0)).

transparency ​

Defaults to false

Adjusts how the plot deals with transparency. In GLMakie transparency = true results in using Order Independent Transparency.

visible ​

Defaults to true

Controls whether the plot gets rendered or not.

weights ​

Defaults to automatic

Vector of statistical weights (length of data). By default, each observation has weight 1.

whiskercolor ​

Defaults to @inherit linecolor

Sets the color of errorbars.

whiskerlinewidth ​

Defaults to @inherit linewidth

Sets the linewidth of errorbars.

whiskerwidth ​

Defaults to 0.0

Sets the width of whiskers on errorbars as a multiplier of the crossbar width.

width ​

Defaults to automatic

(Unscaled) width of the box.